Red Team
IPFuscation
Images are broken. I will fix when I have time.
What the...
IPFuscation is a technique that allows for IP addresses to be represented in hexadecimal, octal, or a combination, instead of the decimal encoding that we are used to.
What can we do?
Normal:
ping 45.54.123.21Hexadecimal + Decimal + Octal:
ping 0x2d.54.123.025Hexadecimal:
ping 0x2d367b15Hexadecimal with period symbol:
ping 0x2d.0x36.0x7b.0x15Hexadecimal with 0 padding:
ping 0x0000000002d.0x00000000036.0x00000007b.0x0000000015Decimal:
ping 758545173Octal:
ping 05515475425Octal with period symbol:
ping 055.066.0173.025Octal with 0 padding:
ping 000000055.000066.000000173.0000000025As we can see there's a bunch of ways you can ping the same IP. For a moment, I wondered if this was just how Ping worked. However, given that this works with
OpenURL, I decided to try it with Cobalt Strike!GitHub
I wrote a script that automatically outputs a set of known formats for the same IP address that you specify. Hopefully will be useful for some people!
Usage
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python .\ipfuscator.py 127.0.0.1
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IPFuscator
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Author: Vincent Yiu (@vysecurity)
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https://www.github.com/vysec/IPFuscator
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Version: 0.1.0
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IP Address: 127.0.0.1
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Decimal: 2130706433
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Hexadecimal: 0x7f000001
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Octal: 017700000001
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Full Hex: 0x7f.0x0.0x0.0x1
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Full Oct: 0177.0.0.01
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Random Padding:
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Hex: 0x000000000000000007f.0x00000000000000000000.0x0000000000000000000.0x0000000000000000000001
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Oct: 0000000000000000000000000177.000000000000000.0000000000000000000000.0000000000000000000000000000001
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Random base:
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#1: 0x7f.0x0.0.1
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#2: 127.0.0x0.0x1
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#3: 0177.0x0.0.1
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#4: 0x7f.0.0.1
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#5: 127.0x0.0x0.1
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Random base with random padding:
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#1: 0x0000000007f.0.0000000000.00000000000001
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#2: 0x000000000007f.0x0000000000000000000000.0x00000000000000.0x00000000001
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#3: 00000000000000000000000177.0x00000000.000000000000000.00000000000000000000000001
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#4: 000000000000000177.0.0.1
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#5: 127.0000000000000000000000.00000000000000.0x0000000000001
Copied!
Cobalt Strike
Although I rarely use IP addresses compared to hostnames when it comes to connecting to resources, we know for a fact that many threat actors do. In some cases you may want to resort to using IP addresses and this technique can add a bit of flavor to the mix.
To use this technique in Cobalt Strike, you simply create a listener like you normally would. Let's say my IP was
45.54.123.21, run IPFuscator as shown below:Could not load image
ConEmu64_2018-05-19_19-48-55
You can immediately take this information and use any of these representations in your listener address. For example:
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javaw_2018-05-19_19-51-36
Generate a payload as you would normally, and it all works fantastically!
You could even mix it up a bit:
Could not load image
javaw_2018-05-19_20-02-44
Cobalt Strike Aggressor Script
I actually wrote a Cobalt Strike Aggressor Script to automatically convert an IP that you can issue with the
ping command that will convert and use ping with a hexadecimal equivalent IP. If you want to use this you can obtain this script in my Aggressor repository. This was released back in 2017.Conclusion
IPFuscation is not an advanced technique. However, it can be used to:
- 1.potentially break regex rules for command line logging looking for IP addresses. Eg. when you issue a command such as
ping 0055.0x0036.000173.0x0015 - 2.obfuscate previously unobfuscated / unencrypted cleartext strings to C2 locations within the payload
According to inphosys on Reddit, the proxy sees the regular decimal IP address notation:
Could not load image
chrome_2018-05-19_21-00-19
To keep it simple, make the use of IPs cool again! :)
Last modified 3yr ago